According to clinical specialists, most falls experienced by senior patients happen at home. Fall prevention should start with daily living adjustments as the primary measure.

1. Renovate household environment

- Keep floors dry at all times; install non-slip mats and grab bars in slippery toilets and bathrooms.

- Add protective coverings to sharp corners of furniture.

- Ensure even, soft indoor lighting with no dark blind spots.

- Clear clutter off floors to avoid tripping hazards.

2. Maintain moderate physical activity

Exercise boosts bone density and muscle strength while improving coordination. Suitable options include Tai Chi and brisk walking. If physically capable, seniors may do resistance training (resistance band workouts, swimming, light weightlifting) and balance training to build muscle and stability.

3. Adjust daily living habits

- Cut down unnecessary outdoor trips on rainy, snowy or icy days. Wear anti-slip footwear when going out, and use canes or walkers for support if needed.

- Follow the "three half-minutes" rule for daily routines: wait 30 seconds after waking before sitting up; wait another 30 seconds after sitting up before standing; stand still for 30 seconds before walking.

4. Manage underlying illnesses actively

Seniors often live with multiple chronic conditions. Cardiovascular and neurological disorders may trigger fainting spells. Many medications cause side effects such as hypotension, dizziness, drowsiness and fatigue. Help seniors learn about drug adverse reactions and remind them to avoid walking shortly after taking medicine.

5. Prevent osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder marked by low bone mass, damaged bone microarchitecture and heightened fracture risk. Humans reach peak bone mass around age 30; afterwards, trabecular bone loses mass at a rate of 0.5%–1% annually, drastically raising fracture odds after a fall.

- People with osteoporosis should receive regular bone mineral density scans and receive standard anti-osteoporosis treatment to strengthen bones.

- General preventive measures: consistent exercise, smoking cessation, limited alcohol intake, balanced diet, calcium supplementation, moderate outdoor activity and regular sun exposure.

Expert Reminders for Emergency Response After a Fall

If a fall occurs, try to land with hands extended to cushion impact instead of landing hard on the hips. Do not panic after falling; call out for help and stay in the original position or lie flat. Family members must dial 120 immediately. Do not move the senior arbitrarily, as improper handling may cause secondary injuries.