Syphilis is a severe sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum. Most patients develop symptoms 2 to 4 weeks after exposure to the pathogen.

Symptoms

Primary Syphilis

A painless superficial sore with slightly indurated edges appears on or near the genital area, usually single in number. Lesions are easy to detect in men, while those in women are often overlooked due to hidden locations.

Secondary Syphilis

It generally emerges 7 to 10 weeks after infection, characterized by polymorphic syphilids on the trunk, limbs, palms and soles, accompanied by cold-like manifestations such as oral ulcers, fever and sore throat.

Tertiary Syphilis (Late Syphilis)

It develops more than two years after infection if primary or secondary syphilis is left untreated or inadequately managed. Typical manifestations include non-pruritic and painless skin and mucous membrane lesions like nodular rashes and gummas. It can also cause irreversible damage to the cardiovascular and nervous systems.

Important Reminders

Syphilis is curable. Even after full recovery, patients must undergo regular physical examinations and blood tests. All pregnant women are required to receive blood screening during prenatal check-ups. If syphilis is diagnosed in a pregnant patient, immediate treatment is essential to minimize harm to the fetus.